Panama’s Superior Appeals Court upheld provisional detention measures against five people under investigation in Operation Pandora, a case involving alleged fraud of more than $40 million within the tax system. The court also ordered a sixth defendant, who had been under house arrest, to be placed in provisional detention.
Eight additional co-defendants chose to drop their challenges regarding the precautionary measures, leaving the initial rulings firmly in place. Meanwhile, a sole exception was made for a female defendant, who stays confined to her residence on humanitarian grounds following a cranial surgical procedure she underwent back in 2025.
Although the house arrest order for this defendant was maintained, the judges determined that she has a significant connection to the events under investigation and ordered her to wear an electronic monitoring bracelet while the judicial proceedings continue. The decision was issued by the Superior Appeals Court of the First Judicial District.
The Prosecutor’s Office had requested that the detention measures remain in place, arguing that procedural risks still exist. Among the reasons cited was the possibility that certain evidence could be compromised while several investigative procedures remain pending.
Investigators still need to gather interviews, banking information and documentation related to companies connected to the operations under investigation. These elements could help establish how the alleged structure operated and determine the involvement of the individuals under investigation.
The case focuses on the alleged irregular use of the Tax Authority’s E-Tax 2.0 platform. According to the prosecution’s theory, the system may have been manipulated to process and appropriate tax credits, causing losses to the Panamanian state exceeding $40 million.
Among the individuals who pursued their legal challenges until the final stage are former Tax Authority functionaries Karina Suárez, Margie Caballero, Juana Chong, and Vielka Sáez, alongside Juan Omar Palacios. The Public Prosecutor’s Office charges the latter person with pocketing over half a million dollars originating from an enterprise suspected of operating as an intermediary inside the probed conspiracy.
During the hearing, Sáez and Chong denied having known about the existence of a criminal organization within the tax administration. Both stated that the files involving tax credits had already arrived authorized and that their role was limited to completing administrative procedures, without participating in the approval of the transactions under investigation.
The investigation currently involves 21 people facing allegations of crimes including money laundering, organized crime, document forgery and corruption of public officials. However, the Public Prosecutor’s Office has warned that the scope of the investigation could expand to approximately 50 people.
The investigation originated from an internal audit by the Tax Authority, which detected inconsistencies between tax records and transactions reflected on the E-Tax 2.0 platform. The findings included transactions without supporting documentation, cancellations of older transactions and modifications involving tax credits and recipients of tax payments.
The inquiry prompted upwards of 20 simultaneous operations across Panama City, Panama Oeste, Colón, and Coclé, resulting in the detention of both Tax Authority personnel and private citizens. Investigators are currently working to establish who greenlit the operations, how the suspected scheme functioned, and the ultimate destination of the capital generated via the contested tax credits.
According to the prosecution’s hypothesis, part of the money may have been distributed in cash in an effort to make it more difficult to trace. For this reason, the analysis of bank accounts, companies and financial transactions remains one of the main lines of investigation to determine whether additional people were involved and whether the financial damage exceeds the amount initially estimated.
Following the Superior Appeals Court’s ruling, the primary preventive measures stay active while the inquiry moves forward. The Pandora case continues as one of the most prominent recent probes into suspected corruption tied to Panama’s tax system, both due to the sheer volume of individuals under scrutiny and the scale of the estimated financial damage sustained by the state.
Source: Infobae — Infobae, “Panamanian justice confirms detention of defendants in $40 million tax fraud case”